成都地区先天性心脏病相关因素流行病学研究

Epidemiology analysis of correlative factors of congenital heart disease in Chengdu regions

目的探讨成都及附近地区近十六年来(1988年5月至2004年12月)先心病流行病学状况.方法 150983人接受调查,应用流行病学群组列队方法,对先经二维彩色多普勒检查筛选确诊、再经心血管造影或手术探查证实的3285例先心病,分析其病种分布、年龄分布、性别分布、罹患因子分布等相关因素的流行病学情况.结果①先心病相对比率2.18%,室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭的检出率居于前三位;②先心病检出率的年龄分布主要集中在4～13岁年龄段(约55.56%),中老年先心病的检出率有增高趋势;③先心病某些病种的分布与性别具有一定的相关性;④罹患因子在先心病的发病率中起着重要的作用.结论先心病的检出率及病种分布在不同地域、不同时期均有着不同的特点,并且与社会发展各个方面(经济、文化、教育、医疗卫生等)的水平有着密切的相关性.

Objective To research epidemic conditions of congenital heart disease in Chengdu regions from May 1988 to December 2004. Methods 150983 persons were investigated. 3285 cases patient of congenital heart disease were jigged and identified by two dimensional echocardiography and color Doppler flow imaging, and confirmed by cardiovascular angiography, or/and surgical operation. The distributions of correlative factors of disease kinds, ages, sexes and risk factors were analyzed by epidemiology cohort study. Resuits ①Proportion rate of congenital heart disease were 2.18%, and check-out rate of ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus were ranked in the first to three places. ②The detection rate of congenital heart disease were main including the patient of 4-13 years old, and the middle and old age patients＇ detection rate of congenital heart disease showed tendency to be increasing lately. ③There was a certain correlation variety of some congenital heart disease and their distribution correlated with patient＇s sex. ④ The risk factors play a very important role in the congenital heart disease incidence rate. Conclusion The detection rate and the distributions of congenital heart disease having they＇re special characteristic in different regions, and in different periods, and they were high correlative with the society developing level in economy, culture, education, medical treatment and public health, and so on.