天津市2001年—2004年流感病原学监测分析

Analysis of Influenza Pathogeny in Tianjin Area from 2001 to 2004

目的:观察天津市流感病毒流行特点以及发生禽流感疫情时的情况。方法:2001年10月—2004年3月3个冬春季的类流感患者咽拭子标本采用MDCK细胞和鸡胚双腔法分离流感病毒,用鸡红细胞和豚鼠红细胞凝集试验(HA)证实是否存在病毒,再用红细胞凝集抑制试验(HI)进行型和亚型的鉴定。2004年用RT-PCR方法检测禽流感疫情区发热患者咽拭子标本。结果:3个监测周期共采集类流感样患者咽拭子标本953份,分离出流感毒株285株,总检出率为29.9%,男女比例为1.06∶1,其中A(H1N1)亚型4.6%(13/285株),A(H3N2)亚型59.6%(170/285株),B型35.8%(102/285株)。285株流感病毒都能适应MDCK细胞,但阳性标本液直接接种鸡胚阳性率极低,仅为2.1%(6/285)。21份禽流感监测咽拭子标本H5亚型RT-PCR结果为阴性。结论:天津地区同时存在A(H1N1)、A(H3N2)和B型流感病毒,12月为发病高峰。天津市2004年发生禽流感时未发现人感染H5亚型禽流感病毒。

Objective： To analyze influenza virus character in Tianjin area from Oct 2001 to Mar 2004 and surveil avian influenza epidemic situation. Methods： Influenza virus were separated by MDCK cell and embryonated egg, the isolates were identified by hemagglutination （HA） and hemagglutination inhibition （HI） tests from Oct. 2001 to Mar 2004. Avian influenza surveillance specimens were detected by RT-PCR in 2004. Results： Nine hundreds and fifty three throat swab specimens from patients with influenza-like illness were collected in Tianjin area among three surveillance period, and 285 strains （29.9%） of influenza virus were isolated, the male to female ratio for influenza was 1.06：1. Date showed that there were 13 strains （4.6%） of A （H1N1） subtype, 170 strains （59.6%） of A （H3N2） subtype and 102 strains （35.8%） of B type in these positive isolates. All the isolated viruses grew very well in MDCK cells, but there were only 6 strains（2.1%） in embryonated chick eggs. 21 Avian influenza surveillance specimens were all negative in H5 subtype by. RT-PCR method. Conclusion： There were three endemic types of influenza viruses including A （H3N2）, A （H1N1） and B type in Tianjin area, there was a morbidity peak in Dec. No person had H5 subtype avian influenza during epidemic period in 2004.