女性强直性脊柱炎的若干特点

Some characteristics or female ankylosing spondylitis

对比观察了男女强直性脊柱炎各３８例，发现女性患者具有症状轻、病情发展慢、致残率低、髓关节受累轻而周围小关节受累重的特点。且其病变各部位的Ｘ线征象常为早期改变，骶髂关节炎多停留在关节间隙变窄阶段即停止发展，关节强直及竹节椎形成较男性少见。根据女性强直性脊柱炎Ｘ线异常出现较迟，许多病人症状、体征已十分典型，而Ｘ线检查骶骼关节尚无异常的特点，主张在其诊断上不应过分强调Ｘ线的骶髂关节炎改变，而应注重病史、体检及实验室检查，以减少漏、误诊发生。

Through the comparison and observation of 38 male and female cases of ankylosing spondylitis each,it was found that the female cases were characterized by mild symptoms,slow progress of the disease,low unability rate,few involvements of hip but many involvements of the surrounding joints.Besides,the x-ray signs of female diseased sites are often manifested by the early changes,the sacro-iliitis is mostly fixed in the joint-space narrowing and stops its progress,and the formation of ankylosis and bamboo spine is seldom seen in comparison with the male.Since the x-ray abnormity of female ankylosing spondylitis appears later but many cases have very typical symptoms and signs without x-ray abnormity of the sacroilial joint,the author,in the diagnosis,emphasized the disease history, physical and laboratory examinations instead of the x-ray findings of sacroiliitis as to decrease the missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.