“很多”和“很少”的句法意义与功能

Syntactic Meaning of "Henduo" and "Henshao"

“很多”与“很少”是具有相同语法性质的粘合性短语,然而,它们的语法功能却并不完全对称。二者虽然都可以作谓语和动词的补语,但在定语、状语和形容词补语的句法位置上,却呈现出明显的对立分布态势。究其原因,它们的语法功能并不完全取决于其语法性质,而同时要受到它们在句法结构中所蕴含的“不完全肯定”与“不完全否定”范畴意义的制约。

“henduo”and “Henshao”are all agglutinative phrases, which have the same grammatical quality, but their grammatical functions are not completely in symmetry. Although both can be used as the predicate and complement of the verb, they display opposite distributive state obviously in the position of the attributive adverbial and complement of the adjective, because grammatical functions are not decided by grammatical quality completely. On the other hand, they are restricted by their category meanings of the “incompletely affirmative”and “incompletely negative”in the syntactic construction at the same time.