普通小麦远缘杂交F_1代表现型研究

Study on F_1 Phenotype of Wheat Crosses Involving Wild Relatives and Triticale

小麦远缘杂交试验采用常规杂交方法,不进行胚培养,在自然条件下,实现了普通小麦与小黑麦(6X,AABBRR)、柱穗山羊草(2X,DD)、人工合成六倍体小麦(6X,AABBDD)、CIMMYT人工合成小麦(6X,AABBDD)的杂交.发现在F1代中,出现了2～7种植株表现型、7种性状分离现象;小麦颖壳颜色变化可能受多个加性基因控制;杂交F2代结实率较F1代有数倍或十余倍的增长.

Using conventional crossing methods under natural conditions, without using embryo culture to rescue hybrid embryos, common wheat （Triticum aestivum L., 2n=6X= 42, AABBDD） was crossed with Aegilops tauschii Coss. （2n = 2X = 14, DD）, Persicum-tauschii amphidiploids （2n = 6X = 42, AABBDD）, CIMMYT synthetic wheat （6X, AABBDD derived from crosses between AABB and DD） and Triticale （X. Triticosecale rimpaui Wittm, 2n = 6X = 42, AABBRR）, respectively. F1 progeny plants had two to seven plant phenotypes in each cross combination and up to seven characters were segregating in F1 generation. For exam- ple, chaff color varied greatly among F1 plants, which suggests there were several genes that control wheat chaff color in these crosses. In addition, the average seed set of the F2 plants was significantly higher compared with the seed set of F1 plants.