大麦成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生的研究

Study on Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Mature Embryos of Barley Elite Cultivars

以10个大麦优良品种为实验材料,成熟胚为外植体,研究基因型、种子的不同切割方式、培养基、激素等对大麦成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生的影响。结果表明,种子纵切后接种出愈率显著高于横切;改良MS培养基能提高出愈率;在愈伤组织诱导过程中,不同品种对激素2,4-D与Dicamba的反应表现不同;初代愈伤组织经过3次继代培养后会转变为两种类型的胚性愈伤组织;不同品种的植株再生在不同浓度有机添加物的分化培养基上表现不同;长时间的继代培养,一些品种在植株再生过程中出现一定数量的白化苗。供试材料均能进行愈伤组织诱导,但是只有部分品种能再生植株。本实验筛选出愈伤组织诱导频率和绿苗分化率均较高,适合于遗传转化的受体材料,如87-3175、87-0053、97-40109、7-6004及208813-509。

Ten barley elite lines and cultivars were studied to determine the influence of genotypes, different seed cutting, media and plant hormones on the embryo-derived callus induction and plant regeneration. The results indicated that the callus induction rate of seed cutting longitudinally was higher than that of seed cutting laterally. Modified MS improved callus formation. Barley cultivars showed different response to plant hormones 2,4-D and Dicamba. The induced primary callus ultimately yielded two types of embryonic callus after subculture of 3 cycles. Regeneration media added different concentration of organic nutrients influenced plant regeneration of different barley genotypes. Albinos were observed in several cultivars after long-time subculture. Callus could be induced from all the tested cultivars, however, plant regeneration was only obtained in several genotypes. Among the ten barley cultivars 87-3175,87-0053,97-4010,97-6004 and 208813-509 were identified with good performance in callus induction and plant regeneration.