云南昆明市双哨乡双桥村户级植物资源多样性保护与利用

Conservation and Utilization of Plant Resources Diversity at the Household Level in Shuangqiao Village,Kunming,Yunnan Province

以位于昆明城市饮用水保护区的双桥自然村为调查点,采用参与性生物多样性评估(Participatory biodiversity ap-praisal,简称PBA)方法,在当地村民参与下随机调查了100户农户种植管理和利用的植物种和品种多样性。结果表明,100户农户共种植管理和保存着70个植物物种,共有150个大田栽培植物、庭园观赏和绿化等植物品种。其中大田栽培物种31个、105个品种,庭园观赏、绿化等物种39个、45个品种,有着丰富的植物资源多样性。大田植物如玉米(Zea maysL.)、马铃薯(Solanum tuberosumL.)、豌豆(Pisum sativamL.)、烟草(Nicotiana tabacumL.)、小麦(Triticum aestivumL.)、白菜(BrassicapekinesisRupr.)和蚕豆(Vicia fahaL.)等物种资源及其品种被广泛栽种和利用,而观赏和绿化植物种相对较少。户级水平间种植利用的植物资源数量和多样性存在明显差异,6%的农户栽种、管理和利用的植物种和品种的多样性和丰富程度高,因而对植物多样性保护有较大贡献。

With the native villagers attending, 1 00 households were investigated to evaluate the diversity of plant species and varieties which were managed and preserved with participatory biodiversity appraisal （PBA） in Shuangqiao, a drinking-water protection region of Kunmming. The main results are as follows. 70 plant species including 150 varieties of field crops, ornamental and virescence plants, were cultivated and utilized by 100 households. And there is plenty diversity of plant resource, having 31 species and 105 varieties of field crops, 39 species and 45 varieties of ornamental plants and v rescence plants. Field crops, such as corn, potato, pea, tobacco, wheat, cabbage and horsebean were extensively planted and cultivated. On the contrary, ornamental plant and virescence plants were rare. It was suggested there was a great difference among household levels of planting and utilizing plant resources number and d versity. Rich degree and biodiversity of plant species and varieties which were managed and utilized by 6% households was high, so the 6% households took more contribution to the conservation of plant diversity.