滇西北藏族地区不同管理方式的草地生物量的比较研究

Biomass production of different managed meadows in Tibetan Region of Northwest Yunnan Province.

用样方法比较研究了香格里拉县藏族村寨3种管理的亚高山草地物种多样性和生物量。在研究样地中,种植草地、刈草草地、放牧草地的植物物种数量分别是49种、24种、12种;地上生物量分别是169.2±69.5、228.0±48.3和100.2±35.6 g.m-2;地下生物量分别是767.7±264.2和1593.5±553.0 g.m-2、2593.6±894.3 g.m-2;地上地下生物量的比值分别是1∶4.5、1∶7.0、1∶25.9。认为藏族自由放牧的草地有减少植物物种多样性和促使生物量向地下转移的趋势,用围栏圈养的传统刈草利用方式是维持草地较高物种多样性和较高而且稳定的生物量积累的有效途径。

In this paper, the plant species diversity and biomass production of different managed meadows in the Tibetan Region of Northwest Yunnan Province were investigated by plot methods. The results showed that in cultivated grassland, forage grassland and grazing pasture, the number of plant species was 49, 24 and 12, aboveground biomass was 169.2 ± 69.5,228.0 ± 48.3 and 100.2 ± 35.6 g·m^-2, underground biomass was 767.7 ± 264.2, 1593.5 ± 553.0 and 2593.6 ± 894.3 g·m^-2, and the ratio of aboveground biomass to belowground biomass was 1 ：4.5, 1 ： 7. 0, and 1 ： 25.9, respectively, suggesting that grazing pasture was characterized by less plant species and more underground biomass production, while forage grassland was beneficial to the maintain of high species diversity and high and stable biomass production, being worthy for promoting the grassland restoration in the studied area.