青老年脑梗死危险因素及临床特点对比分析

A Comparative Analysis on the Risk Factors and the Clinic Characteristics of the Young and the Senile Cerebral Infarction Patients

目的探讨青年和老年脑梗死患者的危险因素及临床特点,以提高防治效果。方法将脑梗死患者按年龄分为青年组(≤45岁)和老年组(≥65岁),比较两组性别、病因及危险因素、梗死分型、神经系统功能评分、疗效及并发症。结果青年组脑梗死男性占82·4%,老年组男性占56·7%。高血压、高血脂、脑动脉硬化为脑梗死的常见病因,吸烟为青年、老年脑梗死的危险因素;失眠、偏头痛、风湿性心脏病、超重、外伤为青年脑梗死的重要危险因素;而冠心病、糖尿病、饮酒为老年脑梗死的危险因素,两组比较差别有显著性意义(P<0·05)。结论青年脑梗死不仅与高血压、高血脂、脑动脉硬化有关,而且与失眠、偏头痛、风心病、超重、外伤、口服避孕药有关,青年脑梗死病情轻、病程短,并发症少,预后相对好。

Objective To explore into the difference in the risk factors and the clinic characteristics of the young and the senile cerebral infarction patients in order to improve the prevention and the treatment effect. Methods 154 cases were classified into the young group （ ≤ 45 years ） and the senile group （≥ 65 years ） , compared with the 2 groups in aspects of sex, pathogen, the risk factors, the cerebral infarction types, the nervous system function grading, the treatment effect and the complications. Results The percentage of the male patients were 82.4% and 56. 7% in the young and the senile group. The frequent pathogens were Hypertension, High fat of blood, cerebral arteriosclerosis in the cerebral infarction patients. Smoking was one of the risk factors. Insomnia, migraine headache, RHD, overweight and traumatism were the important risk factors in the young cases. CHD, diabetes, drink were the risk factors in the senile patients. There were significant difference in 2 groups. Conclusion Not only hypertension, high fat of blood cerebral arteriosclerosis, but also insomnia, migraine headache, RHD, overweight, traumatism and oral contraceptive were related with cerebral infarction in the young cases. They have light illness state, short course of disease, fewer complication and good prognosis.