中国心理咨询与心理治疗的特点

Characteristics of psychological counseling and psychotherapy in China

目的:全面了解中国心理咨询与心理治疗工作的进展及发展趋势。方法:对中国心理咨询与心理治疗发展历程、存在问题以及发展趋势进行系统总结、分析研究。结果:近20年来,中国心理咨询与心理治疗取得了很大发展。但也存在从业人员少,专职人员水平不高、治疗方法、评价标准不够规范等问题。指出近年中国心理咨询与心理治疗的发展趋势。结论:心理咨询与心理治疗在中国已普遍开展,且为大多数人所接受,但对从业人员系统的专业培训,尽快提高从业人员的整体素质,专业人员的职业定位及管理问题迫在眉睫。

AIM： To known fully the progression and development of psychological counseling and psychotherapy in China. METHODS： The course of development, existing problems and tendency of psychological counselling and psychotherapy were summed up and ana- lyzed systemically in China. RESULTS： In the recent 20 years, psychological counseling and psychotherapy in China gained great development. However, there were still many problems, such as few employees, low level of full-time employees, irregular therapy and evaluation criterion, etc. The tendency of psychological counseling and psychotherapy in China in the recent years was indicat- ed. CONCLUSION： The psychological counseling and psychotherapy have been developed widely and are accepted by most of people. But the professional training, promoting unitary quality, professional location and staff administration on employees are urgently needed.