双级决策的排污收费模型

Effluent charges models on bilevel decision-making

排污收费的核心问题是收费的定价问题,合理的排污收费价格,往往可以有效地协调生产者的私人利益与社会福利之间的矛盾冲突.应用层次系统的双级决策理论和方法,建立了以上级政府和以下级污染企业为决策体的排污收费双级决策模型.应用该模型可以使政府和排污企业在共同的约束条件下,达到收费价格(上级政府的控制变量)和排污量(下级污染企业的控制变量)同时优化的目标,改进了传统的最优P igovian定价法中存在的信息不对称问题.

The core problem of effluent charges is pricing since a reasonable price of effluent charges can effectively coordinate the conflict between the producer＇s benefits and social welfare as well as make the society, economy and environment develop harmoniously. By applying bilevel decision - making theories and methods of a hierarchy system, this paper presents bilevel decision effluent charges models regarding different decision - makers of upper -level government and lower -level enterprises. With the models, the charges （upper -level government＇s controlling variables） and the effluent/emission quantity （lowerlevel enterprise＇s controlling variables） could be optimized simultaneously under the same restricted conditions. Application of the models has improved the asymmetric information problem existing in the traditional optimal Pigovian pricing method.