橄榄果实采后生物学研究进展

Advances in the post-harvest biology of Chinese olive fruit

本文就橄榄果实形态解剖、采后生理和采后病害的研究进展进行综述.采后生理涉及果实采后呼吸作用,细胞膜透性,过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、活性氧清除酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)]酶活性,多胺含量,果皮色素,果实营养成分和外观品质变化;果实采后病害涉及果实失水、萎蔫,果实衰老褐变和低温冷害等生理性病害及由青霉属、交链孢属等真菌引起的侵染性病害.指出了橄榄果实采后生物学研究存在的问题和今后需要进一步研究的领域.

Advances in the morphological anatomy, post-harvest physiology and post-harvest diseases of Chinese olive [ Canarium album （Lour.） Raeusch] fruit were reviewed. Post-harvest physiology includes the changes of fruit respiratory rate, cell membrane permeability, the activities of peroxidase （ POD）, polyphenol oxidase （ PPO ） and reactive-oxygen-scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT）, polyamines, pericarp pigment, fruit nutrition and appearance quality. Post-harvest diseases include physiological diseases such as the loss of moisure, wilting, browning by senescence and chilling injury, and pathological diseases caused by pathogenic fungi such as Penicillium sp. and Alternaria sp. during fruit storage. The existing problems in post-harvest biology of Chinese olive fruit and the further research fields which are needed in the future were pointed out.