苜草素、恩拉霉素和林可霉素对肉用仔鸡的免疫器官发育和生产性能的影响

Effects of basic diets with mucaosu,enramycin and lincomycin on development of immune organs and production performance in broiler chickens

选择1日龄艾维茵商品代肉鸡2000只,随机分成4组,每组500只.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在基础日粮中分别添加苜草素、恩拉霉素、畜达肥(化学成分为林可霉素),Ⅳ为空白对照组,在相同条件下进行饲养试验,比较苜草素、恩拉霉素、林可霉素对肉用仔鸡的免疫器官发育和生产性能的影响.结果表明:(1)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、对照组肉用仔鸡成活率分别为96.2%、92.6%、93.4%、92.0%,Ⅰ组与其它组差异均达显著水平(P<0.05).(2)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、对照组肉用仔鸡增重分别为2343.39、2283.21、2217.74、2210.83 g,Ⅰ组和Ⅲ、对照组差异达显著水平(P<0.05),Ⅰ和Ⅱ组差异不显著(P>0.05).(3)Ⅰ组肉用仔鸡全期肉料比最低,饲料转化率分别比Ⅱ、Ⅲ、对照组高3.8%、6.9%、7.6%.(4)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、对照组肉用仔鸡的半净膛率和全净膛率差异均不显著(P>0.05).(5)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、对照组肉用仔鸡胸腺重指数分别为2.86、2.63、2.73、2.64,Ⅰ与Ⅱ、对照组差异达显著水平(P<0.05),Ⅰ和Ⅲ组差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、对照组肉用仔鸡法氏囊重指数分别为0.63、0.52、0.47、0.53,Ⅰ与其它组差异达显著水平(P<0.05).表明苜草素对肉用仔鸡具有促生长,提高饲料报酬,促进免疫器官发育,增强机体抗病力,提高成活率的作用.

2000 AA broiler chickens of one day old were divided into group Ⅰ （mucaosu, alfalfa extract） , group Ⅱ （enramycin） , group Ⅲ （lincomycin） and group Ⅳ （control） to observe the effect of them on development of immune organs and production performance. Livabilities of group Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 96.2%, 92.6%, 93.4% and 92.0% respectivety. There were significant differences between group Ⅰ and the others （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Average weight gains of group Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 2343.39, 2283.21,2217.74 and 2210.83 g respectively. The differences were significant between group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ ,Ⅳ （ P 〈 0.05 ）, no significant difference was found between group Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The feed efficiency of group Ⅰ （ 1 ： 2.14） was 3.8% higher than group Ⅱ （ 1 ： 2.23）, 6.9% higher than group Ⅲ （ 1 ： 2.31 ）, and was 7.6% higher than group Ⅳ （ 1 ： 2.32）. There was no significant difference in the rates of half eviscerated yield and of eviscerated yield between groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The indexes of weight of thymus of group Ⅰ , Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 2.86, 2.63, 2.73 and 2.64 respectively. There were significant differences between group Ⅰ and Ⅱ , Ⅳ （ P 〈0.05 ） and there was no significant difference between group Ⅰ and Ⅲ. The indexes of weight of bursa of group Ⅰ , Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 0.63, 0.52, 0.47 and 0.53 respectively. The differences were significant between group Ⅰ and the others （P 〈0.05）. The conclusions of this study showed that alfalfa extract adding to diet could improve production performance, promote development of immune organs, increase healthy status of broiler chickens.