多层卫星通信网络设计及星间链路几何特征分析

Design of Multilayered Satellite Communication Networks and Geometrical Analysis of ISLs

首先比较LEO、MEO、GEO和HEO卫星构成的通信网络的优缺点,针对性地提出一种多层卫星通信网络方案,设计了一种由LEO、MEO和GEO卫星构成的多层卫星通信网络,该网络是第一个以Walker delta型星座构成的含有各种ISL的多层卫星网络,所需卫星数目最少。通过仿真模拟了卫星星座,应用几何分析的方法研究了网络中ISL的俯仰角、方位角和路径长度三个参量的变化规律,对星上跟瞄系统的设计和转发器功率的选择有指导意义,为选用时延最短路由和满足服务质量提供依据。多层卫星网络能够综合单层卫星的优点,发挥其在覆盖范围、星间链路、传输时延等方面的巨大优势,满足各种业务的不同QoS要求。

Satellite communication networks composed by LEO, MEO, GEO or HEO satellites alone have some defects as well as the merits. In this paper, a new multilayered satellite network （MLSN） is put forward to study network topology and orbit characteristics by means of simulation. The MLSN is the first real network composed by Walker delta type LEO and MEO constellations and GEO constellation. This network has three kinds of inter satellite links （ISLs）, which have their own characteristics. The MISN holds the minimum number of satellites comparing with other MLSNs in references. Based on the wireless communication network, elevation angle, azimuth angle and length of ISLs in MLSN are calculated using geometric method, which are important to pointing systems and transponders on board. The known Dijkstra shortest path muting algorithm and other algorithms relay on calculation of ISLs to find the shortest path in order to fulfill the time delay and other QoS requirements. MLSN have the predominance of coverage, ISI, performance and transmission delay comparing with single - layered networks.