济南市5岁以下儿童营养健康状况研究

Investigation on the status of nutrition and health of children under 5 years old in Jinan.

【目的】了解济南市5岁以下儿童营养健康状况和存在的主要问题,为提出改善儿童营养状况的措施提供依据。【方法】按照分层整群抽样的方法,抽取5岁以下儿童共10 106人,进行营养知识问卷,测量身高、体重。【结果】济南市5岁以下儿童11月龄前体重、4月龄前身高高于WHO标准,其后低于WHO标准;与9省市标准比较,除个别年龄组外多高于9省市标准;儿童营养不良及肥胖发生率均为农村高于城区,营养不良以发育迟缓为主。【结论】济南市5岁以下儿童营养健康状况较好,加强农村儿童保健工作,推广科学育儿知识,是济南市下一步儿童保健工作的重点。

[Objective] To study the status and the problems of nutrition and health of children younger than 5 years old in Jinan. [Methods｜ 10 106 children under 5 years old were selected by cluster sampling. The questionnaires of nutrition were answered,the weight and height of the children were measured [Results] The height and weight of children under 5 years old in Jinan increased with their age. They increased faster in younger children than elder and there were Significant difference between younger and elder. There were significant difference with gender,city and country. The weight of children before 11 months and the height of children before 4 months were higher than the criterion of WHO. The others were lower than that of WHO. And they were higher than the criterion of NCHS in more groups. The prevalence of malnutrition and obesity was higher in rural than in city. The main type of malnutrition was stunting. There were no difference in boys and girls except the group of wasting. [Conclusions] The status of nutrition and health of children under 5 years old in Jinan was better. The next emphasis of children health care would be to enhance of children health care of rural and extend the knowledge of nutrition.