皮肤接触护理对极低出生体重儿预后的影响

Effects of skin-to-skin contact on prognosis of very low birth weight infants.

[目的]研究皮肤接触护理对极低出生体重儿预后的影响,为临床治疗提供参考.[方法]将胎龄30～36周、出生体重＜1 500的104例极低出生体重儿随机分为干预组(皮肤接触护理组)和对照组(普通护理组)、出生后即开始不同的干预,观察两组患儿出生后2周内呼吸、心率,神经行为评分,吸吮能力,住温箱及吸氧时间,以<贝莉智能发育量表>进行智能发育评估,1岁时通过<Gesell发育诊断发育量表>对两组患儿进行智能发育的最终的评估.[结果]干预组出生2周内呼吸、心率较对照组平稳,平均吸氧时间、平均住温箱时间、自行吸吮开始时间干预组短于对照组(P＜0.05).6、9月龄时干预组患儿智力发育指数及运动发育指数均高于对照组(P＜0.05),1岁时Gesell智能检查,五大能区差异存在显著性(P＜0.05)[结论]对极低出生体重儿进行早期皮肤接触护理可促进行为发育,改善预后.

[Objective] To study the effects of skin-to-skin contact on the prognosis of very low birth weight infants. [Methods] 104 cases of very low birth weight infants （〈1500 g） were randomly divided into early interventional group（IG） and conventiondl care group（CG）. They were put into different environment for 2 weeks after birth and their respiratory rate, heart rate, sucking ability, neonatal behavioral neurological assessment （NBNA）, nervous systemic examination and intelligence development （Bayley Scales of Infant Development） were regularly measured when one year old, the intelligence of infants were examined through Gesell Development Dagnosis Scale. [Results] The infants of IG had more stable respiratory rate,heart rate,sucking ability than those in CG. They had higher NBNA accounts. At the age of 6 months and 9 months, both their mental development index （MDI） and psychomotive index （PDI） of the infants in IG were higher than those in CG（P〈0.05）. At the age of one year, five large intelligence areas in IG were better than in CG（P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] Skin-to-skin contact may improve the prognosis of very low birth weight infants.