横断山区植物分布和栽培的生态气候学研究

AN ECO-CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF DISTRIBUTION AND CULTIVATION OF PLANTS IN THE HENGDUAN MOUNTAIN AREA

作者总结了横断山区植物分布和栽培的特征:1.某些作物种植上限可达很高的海拔高度。例如:云南省丽江地区水稻种植的上限可达2500m以上;西双版纳南坡的橡胶树林分布超过海拔1000m;柑桔最高种植海拔在四川省巴塘县苏龙洼乡可达2400m。2.一些地方某些作物的产量明显较高。例如:大理市(20°N、100°E,2000m)水稻产量可达15t/ha;丽江县小麦产量高达1 t/ha。3.不同地带性的植物可在同一海拔高度上的某些地点良好地共生在一起。4.冬季经常出现的逆湿,使植物分布倒置现象显著。5.一些热带植物(例如芒果)在横断山较高纬度(22°—27°N)地区生长发育良好且产果甚丰,不象中国东部较低纬度(19.5°—23°N)地区那样不产果或产果少。作者并认为,横断山区是茶和柑桔的发源地或发源地之一。

The characteristics of distribution and cultivation of plants in the Hengduan Mountain area have been summaried as follows. 1) Some crops may be cultivated up to very high altitudes. For examples, rice cultivation occurs over 2,500 m a. s. l. in Lijiang and other adjacent counties, Yunnan province; rubber trees on southern slopes of Xishuangbanna may reach over 1,000 m a. s. l. in several localities: and the highest plantation for citrus is with an elevation of 2,400 m a. s. l. in Sulunwa commune. Batang county. Sichuan province. 2) The yields of some crops are strikingly high in some localities. For examples, the yield of rice may reach up to 15t. / ha. in Dali (26°N. 100° E. 2.000m) : the yield of wheat may be up to 12 t. / ha. in Lijiang county. 3) Different zonal plants can be grown pretty well together at an identical altitude in a plot. 4) The phenomena so-called vegetation inversion are found in some localites due to frequent occurrence of temperature inversion in winter. 5) Some tropical plants like mango grows well and bear plenty of fruits in some localities at higher latitudes (22-27°N) in this mountain area. but mango in the eastern part of China with lower latitudes (19.5-23°N) fails to bear fruits or only bears very little amount of fruits. The author also states that the Hengduan Mountain area is the originating place or at least one of the originating places of tea or citrus.