柴油机缸套磨损故障的机体振动监测研究

Cylinder Block Surface Vibration Research on Diesel Cylinder Liner Wear

研究了柴油机缸套磨损故障的机体振动监测,包括缸套破坏性磨损故障时的机体振动。首先分析了活塞对气缸套的冲击,建立了活塞撞击气缸套侧推力的数学模型,探讨侧推力的大小及作用时间。分析表明,柴油机活塞撞击是机体表面振动的主要激励源。通过模拟试验得知,缸套磨损状态有4种,当缸套间隙正常或中等磨损时,机体振动的增长速度较慢;严重磨损时,振动特征参数值明显增大;如果缸套处于破坏性磨损程度时还继续工作,机体振动则呈指数式增长。这说明机体表面振动特征值的改变可以反映缸套间隙的变化,因此,基于柴油机机体振动对缸套的磨损进行监测是可行的、有效的。

The cylinder block surface vibration monitoring of diesel cylinder liner wear is introduced,and the cylinder block surface vibration under the condition of exceeding the high-degree wear of cylinder liner is monitored. The simulated experiments of cylinder liner wear conditions are carried out on a set of 6-135G diesel.The experiment demonstrates that when the cylinder liner clearance is normal or medium,the rising speed of cylinder clock surface vibration is slow;when the clearance is in high-degree,the vibration character parameters are rather high;and when the clearance exceeds the high-degree,the cylinder clock surface vibration increases exponentially.Thus the change of vibration character parameters of cylinder block surface reflects the variation of cylinder liner clearance.So,it is feasible to monitor the cylinder liner wear by using cylinder block surface vibrations.