从爱情悲剧论哈代的女性观

Thomas Hardy's Views on the Female Reflected in His Love Tragedies

本文试从哈代的三部小说《还乡》、《德伯家的苔丝》、《无名的裘德》中的女主人公游苔莎、苔丝、淑所遭遇的爱情悲剧来反观作者的女性观:作为19世纪的批判现实主义作家,哈代对于女性追求自由和幸福的强烈愿望及所遭受到的社会和环境的压制寄予了深切的同情;而另一方面,哈代的女性观虽具有超越时代性,但依旧未能从本质上揭露造成女性悲剧的社会原因,也尚未指出明确的改造道路。哈代笔下的女性大都难逃悲惨的命运,常给读者留下“幻灭”的印象。

This paper examines Thomas Hardy＇ s views on the female reflected in his three love tragedies, namely, the Return of the Native, Tess of the d＇ Urbervilles, and Jude the Obscure. As a critical realist in the 19th century, Hardy sympathized with the heroines, Eustacia, Tess and Sue, whose strong desire for freedom and happiness was ruined by social environment. In a certain way, Hardy＇ s views on the female have tran- scended the limitation of the age ; however, he was unable to expose social causes of the tragedies and neither was he able to give a solution. Most of the female characters in his novels are bound for a sad end, leaving the readership a disillusion.