甘肃盐池湾自然保护区有蹄类动物资源变化

Change of Ungulate Species Resource in Gansu Yanchiwan Natural Reserve

甘肃盐池湾自然保护区是野生动物类型自然保护区,主要保护高山有蹄类动物.为了解这个保护区10多年有蹄类动物资源的消长变化,2002年7～8月对保护区的有蹄类动物和当地环境进行调查,此次调查共记录到5种有蹄类动物:藏野驴(Equus kiang)、藏原羚(Procapra picticaudata)、鹅喉羚(Gazella subguturosa)、盘羊(Ovis ammon)和岩羊(Pseudois nayaur),其中岩羊的种群数量最高,0.894 6只/km2.与1987年相比,岩羊的数量明显下降,而鹅喉羚的数量明显增加,其它3种动物数量变化不大.水土流失、草场退化、虫鼠害猖獗、淘金与乱捕滥猎等是盐池湾自然保护区有蹄类动物数量变化的主要原因.

The Yanehiwan Natural Reserve situated in the southern of Subei County is a natural reserve for conserving wild animal, especially for alpine ungulate. In order to know the change of ungulate species resources since 1987, we investigated animal species, their amount and environmental conditions in August 2002. We recorded five ungulates： Procapra picticaudata, Equus kiang, Pseudois nayaur, Gazella subguturosa and Ovis ammon, among which the population sizes of Pseudois nayaur was the highest, 0. 8946 ind./km2. In comparison with 1989, the amount of Pseudois nayaur decreased, while that of Cazella subguturosa increased, and those of the others were stable. Soil erosion, degradation of grassland, insect and rodent destruction, fossicking and excessive hunting were the primary factors which affected on the changes of the ungulate amount in Yanchiwan Natural Reserve.