广东省野生仙湖苏铁居群的生物学特性研究

Biological Characteristics of Wild Cycas fairylakea Population in Guangdong Province

对广东省所有5个野生仙湖苏铁Cycas fairylakea居群(其中3个为新发现)的生物学特性进行研究,发现仙湖苏铁分布区域狭窄,总面积不足300 hm2,且呈岛屿状;由于过度采挖、城市化、环境污染和病虫害等,导致其野生居群和个体数均很少,且还在不断减少;所有居群年龄结构均呈倒金字塔形;开花植株数量极少,产种子少,种子常被采摘或采食,且萌发率低,有的甚至不能萌发。研究结果表明,仙湖苏铁处于严重濒危状态,急需保护。

There are 5 wild populations of Cycas fairylakea in Guangdong province, of which 3 are newly found. Study on biological characteristics of C. fairylakea populations showed that this species has a narrow colonization area within 300 hm^2, and island pattern of distribution. Due to the overexploitation, urbanization, environment pollution, plant diseases and insect pests, the wild populations and individuals of C. fairylakea decreased markedly in the past decades. All 5 populations of C. fairylakea have an opposite pyramid age structure, few coning plants, few seeds production, and low level of seed germination rate or even become sterile. In conclusion, C. fairylakea in Guangdong province was threatened seriously and urgently needed to take effective actions to preserve the plants and habitats in location site.