现代海底典型热液活动区地形环境特征分析

The analysis of the topographical environment characteristics of the typical modern marine hydrothermal activity regions

对现代海底热液活动区地形环境特征的分析有助于增进对现代热液活动及其矿产资源分布规律、热液活动成因机制等的了解.在冲绳海槽热液活动区实测水深资料的基础上,广泛收集了其他典型热液活动区的水深、多波束、地震剖面等资料,据此绘制出主要典型热液活动区的三维地形图.通过对典型热液区地形环境特征的系统分析和对比研究发现尽管现代海底热液活动广泛分布在大洋中脊、转换断层、弧后扩张盆地等各种不同的张性构造环境及现代海底火山活动区,但也仅出现在特殊的地形环境条件下.

The discuss on the topographical environment characteristics of typical modern marine hydrothermal activity regions will be helpful to increase understanding of the modern hydrothermal activity,the distribution rules of its mineral resources and the forming causes and mechanism, etc. The three-dimensional topography figures of major typical hydrothermal regions are drawn on the basis of field-measured bathymetric data of the Okinawa Trough and collecting a large number of data on bathymetry,multibeam and seismic profiles of other major typical hydrothermal regions. Through the systematic analysis and contrast studies on topographical environment characteristics of these typical regions,it is found that the hydrothermal activity only occurs under the circumstance of the particular topographical environment, though it distributes widely in the tensional tectonic environment, for instance, the mid-ocean ridges, transform faults zones, back-arc spreading basins and the modern marine craters regions.