从考古文物实验辨析郑和宝船的吨位

A Study of the Tonnage of the Zheng He Fleet in the Light of Archaeological Experiment

郑和下西洋的大宝船据历史文献记载合今长123米,宽50米。按木帆船的结构规律和造船法式,(型、舱)深应有25米。这样,据阿基米德浮力定律,它的满载排水量高达4万多吨。下西洋的大船队共有208艘船,分超大型、大型、较大型、中型、小型五类。所以,总吨位多达200万吨。但迄今为止并没有出土文物考古发现能证明存在过这么大的巨舶,也没有模拟实验和航海试验的成功例子来证实可以有这么大的木帆船。可见,当我们把研究思路从传统的尺寸转换到相应的吨位,问题就清楚多了。

The big treasure - ships of Zheng He＇ s expedition to the Western Ocean has got length of 123 metres and width of 50 metres with today＇ s measure system as the data recorded by historical documents. Its depth of cabin should be 25 metres as the constructural law of ship and the rule of ship- building, Thus, its full displacement could reach more than 40,000 tons according to Archimedes, law of buoyancy, The great fleet of expedition to the Western Ocean has got 208 ships in all,which were divided into the five kinds, namely super giant, more giant, middle type and small one, Thus, its overall tonnage could reach 2 millions tons. But there aren＇ t any reearthed artifacts and archaeological finds which could prove that so great sailing ship existed ever by now, nor are there any successful examples of sinulated test and of nautical experiment which can prove the possibility of so great wooden ship. It is thus clear that the questions is more clear when our researching train of thought transmit from the traditional measure to its relevant tonnage.