稻瘟病菌群体遗传学研究进展

Research Progress in Genetics of Rice Blast Fungus Populations

由异宗配合子囊菌[Magnaporthegrisea(Hebert)Barr.,无性世代PyriculariagriseaSacc.]引起的稻瘟病,几乎是世界上所有水稻种植区限制水稻生产的重要因素。实践证明,选育和利用抗病品种是防治该病的有效措施。但是抗病品种在推广3～5a后,其抗性往往很快“丧失”,而抗病育种及抗病品种推广过程中对目标地区稻瘟病菌群体遗传结构的把握不准确,是抗性“丧失”的根本原因。本文分析了稻瘟病菌群体遗传结构研究概况,并提出相关研究的发展趋势。

The rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe grisea （Hebert） Barr., is a major limiting factor in rice production in almost all rice-growing regions of the world. An important means for blast control is the development and use of resistant cultivars. However, cultivars released as resistant often breakdown within a few years and this mainly attribute to the ambiguous genetic structures of pathogen population in the target environments where the cultivars are released. Therefore, it is important to monitor the dynamics of the genetic structure of M. grisea population in the target region. In this paper, research progress in the genetic structure of the rice blast fungus population is reviewed.