我国城市动物园规划中物种多样性的实施途径

An Approach to Realize the Bio-diversity in the Planning of Chinese Urban Zoos

世界保护联盟(IUCN)第五届世界公园大会提出了公园在保育生态方面的发展战略。城市动物园在整体规划设计方面有别于普遍意义上的自然保护区、野生动物园。在城市动物园规划设计中不仅需要充分考虑物种多样性原则,将其贯穿于城市动物园规划设计的全过程,同时要使动物园成为保育生物、引导人类建立正确保护生态意识的一个人工化的实验、教育场所。以莫斯科动物园为实例对如何将物种多样性原则融入规划设计进行阐述。

The fifth IUCN has put forward the development strategy in ecology reservation of the park, and the city zoo guides the vanguard of the reservation. On the other hand, it is a relatively artificial place. Its landscape planning and design are different from the nature reserve area and the wildlife park. So the bio-diversity principle must not only be fully considered during the landscape planning and design of the city zoo, but also be run through the whole course. In the landscape planning and design the city zoo will become an artificially experimental and educational place, which protects the ecosystem and guides the mankind to set up a correct consciousness about ecology reservation. The main purpose of this paper deals with how to incorporate the bio-diversity principle in the landscape planning and design of the city zoo. The Moscow Zoo is taken as an example.