我国保墒灌溉技术的潜力及其效益分析

Analysis on potentiality and benefits of soil moisture conservative irrigation technique in China

针对我国农业用水日趋紧张,农田环境污染严重,农产品中无公害产品减少,农业节水先进高效的技术由于其昂贵不能在中国广泛推广等问题,首次提出了保墒灌溉的概念,它是将旱作农业中的保墒覆盖技术和灌溉农业中的节水灌溉技术进行集成而形成新的节水技术体系。并对我国保墒灌溉的适宜性和节水效益、节肥效益、生态效益、经济效益进行系统分析。保墒灌溉在全国的灌区能推广应用一半的面积,其节水量可达199．98亿m3,相当于南水北调的东线年调水总量。

To be aimed of the problems of water shortage in agriculture, severe pollution of farmland and decreasing of safe agricultural products as well as that the modern effective water saving technologies are too expensive to extending in a large scale in China, the concept of technological system of soil moisture conservation and irrigation （SMCI） was set up firstly in this study which is a new technological system of water saving formed by combination of soil moisture conservation coverage in the dry farming and water saving irrigation in irrigated agriculture. At the same time, systematic analysis suitability of the saving water, saving fertilizer, ecological and economica benefits of technical system of soil moisture conservation and irrigation. With the extension of technical system of soil moisture conservation and irrigation in half of farmland in China, 19.998 billion m^3 of water may be saved.