支气管哮喘病人的个性特征分析及影响因素

Analysis on personality characteristics and influencing factors of asthma patients

[目的]探讨支气管哮喘病人的个性特征及心理社会影响因素。[方法]对哮喘急性发作期的成人住院病人进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、艾森克人格测验(EPQ)、哮喘知识的调查,并进行心理干预,测定生理指标肺功能(PEF)和动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2),并对其影响因素进行多元逐步回归。[结果]与正常人比较,哮喘病人的性格偏内向,情绪不稳定的比例高于国内常模(P<0.05);影响PEF和SaO2的因素抑郁焦虑情绪、心理干预、个性特征、疾病知识、病情严重程度。[结论]个性特征、情绪状态等心理社会因素对支气管哮喘的发病和转归作用较明显,在常规治疗的同时辅以心理干预,可以缓解心理压力,稳定情绪,促使哮喘发作快速控制。

Objective： To probe into both the personality characteristics and social psychological factors of asthma patients. Method：Asthma inpatients of acute attack stage were investigated by filling out SAS, SDS, EPQ, and on the knowledge of asthma, then given mentle intervention. And then physiological indexes of pulmonary function including PEF and SaO2 of them were detected. Then psychological social influencing factors of them were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Results： Asthma patients have an inclination of being introversive, and the ratio of unstable emotion of them was higher than that of common model at home （P〈0.05）. The factors of influencing PEF and SaO2 were including depressive mood, psychological intervention, personality characteristic, knowledge about the disease and the severity of the illness of patients. Conclusion： Social psychological factors such as personal characteristics, emotional status had an obvious effect on the onset and turnover of asthma patients. For asthma patients, to provide mental intervention as an assistant based on the routine therapy could relieve their psychological stress and tranquilize their mood. Which finally reach the goal of rapid control of asthma attack.