桐城文派一篇恢弘的文学评论大写真——曾国藩《圣哲画像记》析记

An Extensive Literature Commentary Portrait of Tong Cheng Group——Analysis of Zeng Guo-fan's Sage Portrait Record

《圣哲画像记》从数千年灿若群星的历史名人中精选三十二位,画龙点睛地概述其为学成就,并借此作为后辈为文的圭臬,给学者治学提供读书门径选择的便利路径,为后来张之洞《书目答问》起到探源导流的作用。曾国藩继承姚鼐“义理、词章、考据”之文论,创造性地提出“德行”、“政事”、“言语”、“文学”四分法,发挥了自己独到的见解。曾氏传承以神气论文的桐城文统,把阳刚、阴柔两种文章风格各析为四,提出八种文境之美的理论。其所作所为,达到了“中兴桐城”夙愿。

The book Sage Portrait Record selected 32 sages from thousands of historical figures,gave a brief account of their academic achievements, set up a standard for later generations, paved the way for scholars to study, and became the source of Zhang Zhidong＇s book Answering Questions. Zeng Guofan inherited Yaonai＇s theory of argumentation, textual research and rhetoric, and created 4 classification theories of morality, politics, speech and literature with a unique illustration of his own ideas. He carried on the Tong Cheng tradition of determining an article according to spirit, divided the feminine and masculine styles into 4 categories, and put forward 8 literary aesthetics. His efforts attained the goal of developing the Tong Cheng Group.