大鼠急性光气吸入对机体氧化损伤的研究

Study on the oxidative injury induced by acute phosgene inhalation in rats

目的研究光气急性吸入对机体氧化损伤及抗氧化损伤状态的影响。方法将20只SD大鼠随机分成对照组和染毒组,利用三光气在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作用下分解生成光气的方法,对染毒组动物进行动态恒量染毒,分别测定丙二醛(MDA)含量、总抗氧化力、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)和总蛋白含量。结果染毒组实验动物血清和肝组织MDA含量较对照组均显著升高[(5.57±0.28)和(5.86±0.17)μmol/L,P<0.05;(455.55±74.81)和(516.97±42.74)nmol/g、pr,P<0.05)],染毒组动物血清和肝组织的总抗氧化力也显著升高[(7.10±1.36)和(9.67±3.02)U/ml,P<0.05,(2.70±0.40)和(3.13±0.26)U/mg,P<0.01)]。但GSH和GSSG在血清和肝组织中变化却有所不同,在血清中,染毒组动物GSH含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01),GSSG含量显著高于对照组(P<0.01);但在肝脏中,染毒组动物GSH含量较对照组升高显著(P<0.01),GSSG含量反而显著降低(P<0.05)。结论光气急性吸入可以引起全身ROS水平的显著升高,造成肺脏组织以外的其他组织脏器的氧化损伤,这为光气损伤机制的深入研究和光气中毒救治以及并发症的防治提供了一条新思路。

Objective To study the oxidative injury induced by acute phosgene inhalation in rats. Methods The Spraue-Dawley （SD） rat were randomly divided into two groups which were control group and phosgene exposure group .The Bis（trichdomethyl） carbonate could decompose into phosgene in the presence of N, N-dimethyl formamide. In a special experimental device with equipment modulating the gas flow, the phosgene exposure group rat inhalated phosgene with a dosage of 11.9 mg/L for 5 minutes. Two hours later, all the rats were killed and the peripheral blood, serum and liver were abtained to examine the content of malondialdehyde （MDA）, the total antioxidant capacity, the content of reduced glutathione （GSH）, glutathione disulphide （GSSG） and total protein. Results The content of MDA in serum and liver tissue of phosgene exposure group were much higher than those in control group （5.57 ± 0.28 vs 5.86 ± 0.17 μmol/L, P 〈 0.05 ;455.55 ± 74.81 vs 516.97 ± 42.74 nmol/g pr, P 〈 0.05）. The total antioxidant capacity in serum and liver tissue also increased significantly compared with the control group（7.10 ± 1.36 vs 9.67 ± 3.02 U/ml, P 〈 0.05 ;2.70 ± 0.40 vs 3.13 ± 0.26 U/mg pr, P 〈 0.01 ） . The content of GSH and GSSG didn＇ t change in the same way. The GSH in serum of phosgene exposure group decreased and the GSSG increased significantly （ P 〈 0.01 ）, but the change of GSH and GSSG in liver tissue were the reverse. Conclusion The acute phosgene inhalation can increase the reactive oxygen species（ROS） in the body and cause oxidative injury to the other tissue and organ besides the pulmonary tissue, which can also give us a new way to understand the mechanism of phosgene injury and the prevention or treatment on it and its syndrome.