天基光电成像遥感设备面临的威胁及其对抗技术

Countermeasure technology and threats against space-based photoelectric imaging and remote sensing device

近年来的几次高技术局部战争中,天基光电成像系统发挥了巨大的作用。然而,天基光电成像遥感设备在军事中的重要性和固有的脆弱性,使其安全与防护问题日益突出。阐述了天基光电成像遥感设备存在的脆弱性和空间军事化所带来的多种恶意威胁,如不同平台的反卫星激光武器、动能拦截弹、高功率微波武器等。针对上述威胁,分析了天基光电成像遥感设备相应的各种对抗、防护技术和手段,包括天基自卫告警、多频谱假目标、多波段隐身伪装和烟幕干扰、光电传感器的加固技术、加强光电成像平台机动能力、携带综合自卫武器等,其中针对天基光电成像传感器着重讨论了最新的抗激光攻击加固技术,如液晶薄膜防护技术等。最后提出了开展相关新概念、低成本防护技术的建议。

The space-based photoelectric imaging system has a great effect on recent high-tech local wars.However,the importance and inherent frangibility of the space-based photoelectric imaging and remote sensing device make problem of safety and protection more serious.In this paper, frangibility and manifold threats against space-based photoelectric imaging and remote sensing device, such as various plat- forms based anti-satellite laser weapons, kinetic kill vehicles, high power microwave weapons, are presented. In allusion to these threats, several defend technology, countermeasure and corresponding methods including space-based self-protection warning, multi-spectral artificial target, multi-spectral camouflage and smoke interference, photoelectric sensor reinforce, increasing the ability of flexibility of photoelectric imaging platform, carriage of self-protection weapons and so on, are analyzed, in which up to date technologies of laser radiation for space-based photoelectric imaging sensor protection, for example liquid crystals for protection,are emphasized. Some advice for new concept and low cost defend technology development are presented.