气相色谱-质谱法鉴定中毒病人血液中的有毒物质

Analysis of Blood from Toxic Patient by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

基于临床实际病例,建立了采用气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)技术即时鉴定中毒病人血液中有毒物质的临床分析方法。取5mL中毒血液,用质量分数10%的磷酸溶液调节pH=4～5,加入15mL甲醇-丙酮(1∶1,体积比)混合液,超声振荡10min后,用无水Na2SO4脱水,超声振荡5min,过滤,浓缩。用GC/MS对中毒病人的血液进行全面分析,鉴定出10种成分,主要为:糠醛、2-呋喃甲醇、5-甲基糠醛、5-羟甲基糠醛、2,3-二氢化-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮等有害物质。此分析结果为抢救病人提供科学依据,为抢救此类病人积累了经验。

The analytical method for identification of the toxicosis in blood was established by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC/MS） based on the practical clinical case. 5 mL blood sample of the patient was adjusted to pH4 5 with 10% H3PO4, then diluted by 15 mL methanol/acetone （1 ： 1, v/v）. After supersonic vibration, dehydration with Na2SO4, and filtered mixture was concentrated to 1 mL. The extracted sample was comprehensive analyzed and ten toxic components were identified by GC/MS. The main toxic components were furfural, 5-methyl furfural, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, and 2,3-dihydro-3,5- dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, etc. The analytical results provided scientific evidences for salving this kind of patients.