基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱在糖类化合物研究中的应用

Application of Matrix assisted Laser Desorption onization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry in Study on Carbohydrates and Glycoconjugates

综述了基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)的发展、在糖类化合物结构研究时常选用的基质,以及在不同类型糖化合物分析中的应用。MALDI-TOF-MS在糖类分析中通常采用的是N2激光源,基质多为有机小分子如2,5-二羟基苯甲酸、2,4,5-三羟基苯乙酮、1-羟基异喹啉或2-羟基-5-甲氧基苯甲酸、α-氰基-4-羟基-苯丙烯酸等,基质类型的选择则要取决于糖类的存在形式。糖类化合物如中性糖、酸性糖、硫酸化糖、糖蛋白、蛋白聚糖及糖脂等均可利用适合的基质而进行MALDI-TOF-MS分析。

The development and application of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-MS） to the analysis of carbohydrates and their conjugates were reviewed. The MALDI-TOF-MS instrumentation, sample preparation, MALDI matrices and application of MALDI-TOF-MS to various carbohydrate structural types were discussed. The nitrogen lasers that emit at 337 nm （UV range） were almost universally employed for MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of carbohydrates and their conjugates. Some organ small molecular compounds were the commonly used MALDI matrices such as 2, 5-DHB （dihydroxybenzoic acid）, THAP （2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone）, 1- HIQ （1-hydroxyisoquinoline）, 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid and 4-HCCA （a-cyano-4- hydroxycinnamic acid） et al. The selection of MALDI matrices depended on the type of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates and glycoconjugates including neutral carbohydrates, acidic carbohydrates, sulfated carbohydrates, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, glycolipid could be analyzed by the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight mass spectrometry with the appropriate matrices.