前交叉韧带重建方法的生物力学研究

Biomechanics Research of Rebuilding Methods of Knee Anterior Cruciate Ligament(ACL)

【目的】比较不同方法重建前交叉韧带的生物力学性能。【方法】应用INSTRON 8032电液伺服疲劳试验机分别测试人膝关节前交叉韧带正常、切断及单隧道单束、双束和三束重建后的胫骨负荷前移和韧带负荷应变。双束和三束重建时采用浅槽技术固定移植韧带。【结果】前交叉韧带断裂后胫骨的负荷前移明显加大,重建后向正常时回归;比较分析韧带的负荷应变,浅槽技术单隧道双束重建后的负荷位移和负荷应变更接近正常。【结论】前交叉韧带损伤后应该修复,从生物力学角度看,浅槽技术单隧道双束重建最接近正常。

[Objective]To compare the biomechanical nature of ACL in different rebuilding methods. [Methods]INSTRON 8032 electro-fluid servo-fatigue tester was used to test fresh normal cadaver knee ACL and cutting down ACL and reconstruction with one and double and three strands in single tunnel respectively. Superficial gab technique was used to fix the ligament while it was rebuilt with double and three strands. [Results]The value of displacement of cut ACL knee was much more than intact ACL knee. It would return to normal after mono-tunnel reconstruction with single and double and three strands. Comparatively speaking, in loading displacement of tibia and loading strain of ACL the single-tunnel reconstruction with double strands had better result than the others. It was more similar to normal ACL in biomechanical nature. [Conclusion] ACL should be rebuilt after injury. The single-tunnel reconstruction with double strands is more similar to normal ACL in biomechanical nature.