江汉平原农业水土环境利用与保护

Agricultural Soil and Water Environment in Jianghan Plain and Utilization

江汉平原农业水土环境的基本特征是水高田低、涝渍危害严重,垸落众多、垸田密布。影响农业可持续发展的水土问题是地势低洼,因雨成灾;过境水量多,湖泊调蓄功能下降,防洪压力大,农田涝渍长期存在。为发展生产,必须保护湿地资源、完善水利工程、建设高标准基本农田,同时,要科学利用水土资源,因地制宜地发展湿地特色产业。

The basic characteristics of agricultural soil and water environment in Jianghan Plain are:a lot of protective embankments in lakeside areas,a density distribution of low-lying paddy fields surrounded with dikes,water table in rivers over cropland,a seri- ous hazard from surface and subsurface waterlogging.Soil and water issue of influencing agricultural sustainable development are:low relief,disaster from rainfall,much more discharge from non-local,a low function of lake regulating flood,a great pressure from flood-control,cropland suffering from surface and subsurface waterlogging for a long time.In order to promote production,it must be done to protect wetland resources,to improve water conservancy project,and to establish basic farmland with higher stand- ard.At the same time,it is essential to scientifically utilize soil and water resources and to develop industry with wetland feature in the light of local conditions.