广东省兴宁市鼠形动物群落结构及其寄生蚤的调查

Investigation on the Community Composition of the Small Mammals and the Parastic Fleas in Xingning,Guangdong

目的掌握广东省兴宁市鼠形动物群落结构及寄生蚤的种类。方法2004年4～5月,在不同生境采用鼠笼等工具捕捉鼠形动物,研究其种群结构及所携带的体表寄生蚤种类。结果捕获鼠形动物2目2科9种共1062只。其中野外生境共捕获鼠形动物2目7种,以板齿鼠、臭、黄毛鼠为常见种,分别占45.71%、25.71%和18.57%。室内生境共捕获2目4种,以褐家鼠为优势种,占55.14%,黄胸鼠次之,占41.03%。共捡获蚤类6种,家鼠体蚤以缓慢细蚤和印鼠客蚤为主,野鼠以不同新蚤福建亚种为主。结论野外生境啮齿动物种群丰富,室内生境较单一。但室内生境啮齿动物染蚤率和蚤指数较高。

Objective To study the community structure of the small mammals and the fleas in Xingning,Guangdong. Methods The small mammals were captured by trap in different habitats in spring in 2004, then parasitic fleas of them were colletced and indentified under microscope. Results A total of 1 062 small mammals were captured and identified, which belong to 9 species of 2 families, 2 orders. Seven species of the small mammals were captured in the field, of which Bandicota indica and Rattus losea were the dominant species with constituent ratio 45.71% and 18.57% respectively. Four species of the small mammals were captured in the indoor, of which the dominant species were R. norvegicus and R. flavipectus with constituent ratio 55.14 % and 41. 03 % , respectively. A total of 135 the parastitic fleas were picked up and identified from small mammal, which belonged to 6 species. Leptopsylla segenis and Xenopsylla cheopis were the dominant species. Conclusion The species of rodents was abundant in the wild habitats while that in indoor habitats was simple. But flea infected rate and index in indoor rodents were high.