羊驼头骨外形的研究

Research on the Characteristics of Skull Bones of Alpacas

采用大体解剖学方法对羊驼头骨的外形进行观察、研究,并与马、牛、骆驼等家畜比较。结果发现:羊驼头骨的主要特征是:颅顶部主要由额骨和顶骨构成;颞骨发达,鳞部为蚌壳状隆起的扁骨;泪骨、鼻骨、额骨和上颌骨交界处形成一圆孔;下颌骨头后下方有一钩状突起;左右枕骨髁背侧窝中各有一大的乳突孔。结论:羊驼的头骨与马、骆驼相似,但有其自己的特征。

The skull bones of three alpacas were studied and compared with those of cattle, horses and camels with general dissecting method. It was discovered that the characteristics of skull bones of alpacas were as follows： the frontal bones and parietal bones form the main part of the dorsal wall of the cranial cavity, the temporal bones of alpacas were greater than those of cattle , horses and camels. The shape of the squamous temporal bones were convex. On each side of head of alpacas, the lacrimal bones, the nasal bones, the frontal bones and the maxillary bones were conjunct with a hole. Two sharp processes were discovered at the ventralis of the hinder part of the cuput mandibulaes. Each fossa condylaris dorsalis of the occipital bones has a big for. Mastoideum. Conclusion： although the skull bones of alpacas have distinguishing features, the characteristics of skull bones of alpacas are similar with those of horses and camels.