索绪尔语言理论溯源

Sources of Saussure's Linguistic Theory

索绪尔是现代语言学的奠基人。他的语言理论一直在影响着后来的语言研究者。然而,索绪尔的语言理论并不是完全由他本人凭空想象出来的,而是在继承了前人成果的基础上加以补充和创新而形成的。索绪尔的语言系统观、语言符号观、语言符号任意观及语言和言语、共时研究和历时研究的区分在法国、德国、美国都有其社会学、哲学和语言学根源。

Saussure is the founder of modem linguistics, whose linguistic theory has influenced all the language researchers after him. However, Saussure＇s theory does not totally grow out of his own brain, it was first inherited from his predecessors and then further developed by him. This paper reveals that many of Saussureg ideas on language come from the related sociologists, philosophers and linguists in France, Germany, America, etc.