四种国产鸢尾属植物种子萌发特性研究

The Studies on Seed Germination of Four Species of Iris in China

采用不同的贮藏条件、种皮处理和播种基质对国产4种鸢尾属植物的种子萌发进行了初步研究。试验结果显示:4℃冷层积能明显促进长葶鸢尾(I.delavayiM ich.)、西南鸢尾(I.bulleyanaDykes)、金脉鸢尾(I.chrysographesDykes)的种子萌发,而高原鸢尾(I.collettiiHook.f.)的种子在室温和冷层积两种贮藏条件下,萌发率能达到100%和98.33%,没有区别;去除种皮后,长葶鸢尾、金脉鸢尾的种子萌发率提高,但是种皮对高原鸢尾、西南鸢尾的种子萌发没有抑制作用,在剥皮和未剥皮的情况下萌发率基本相同;对比3种不同的播种基质,根据种子的萌发情况和幼苗的生长情况,混合土(红土∶腐殖土=1∶2)、腐殖土是较好的选择。

The seed germination of 4 Iris species was studied in different storage conditions, seed-coat treatments and sowing media. The results indicated that 4℃ stratification treatment could improve seed germination of I. delavayi Mich. , I. buUeyana Dykes and I. chrysographes Dykes. But this treatment had not effect on germination of I. collettii Hook. f. whose germination percentage is 100% and 98.33% respectively in room temperature and 4℃ stratidication treatment. In addition, the seed germination percentageratios ofI. delavayi Mich. and I. chrysographes Dykes increased when their seed-coat were peeled off. In contrast, seed-coat of I. collettii Hook. f. and I. buUeyana Dykes didnt affect their seed germination. Among three sowing media, mixed soil （red soil： humus = 1 ： 2） and humus were better to seed germination and seedling growth.