韦塔桉为母本的控制授粉研究

Study on Controlled Pollination of Eucalyptus wetarensis

对2．5年生位于广东江门韦塔桉种质资源库内的母株进行控制授粉试验,结果表明:(1)不同父本花粉在相同母 本上的平均座果率、平均单果产种量排序均为:尾叶桉>韦塔桉>巨桉,说明花粉类型对果实宿存和平均单果产种量 有影响,亲缘关系越远,获得种子的可能性越小;(2)切割花柱法是缩短授粉时间、减少工作量的授粉方法;(3)参试母 株W3102的座果率高,但产种量少,W3604座果率高,种子产量也高;(4)全双列育种有利于亲子代遗传关系分析,但 花期不遇影响目的种子的获得,从而延长育种年限;(5)花粉对座果率的影响不如母株的影响显著。参试的8株母本 座果率排序为:W3102>W3507>W3604>W3401>W3708>W3206>W3103>W3105。

In this paper, 6 provenances including 8 plus trees of 30-month-old Eucalyptus wetarensis were selected in an orchard in Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province for controlled pollination. Many hybrids were acquired by breeding with different pollen of Eucalyptus trees. The results indicated that ： （ 1 ） average value of fruits/sack among different pollens is in the order of E. urophylla＇ s 〉 E. wetarensis＇ 〉 E. grandis＇ , the average seed quantities per fruit is in the order of E. urophylla＇ s 〉 E. wetarensis＇ 〉 E. grandis＇ ; （ 2 ） incision methods of flower pillar for controlled pollination could acquire hybrids and save pollination time ; （ 3 ） all diallel crossing could in favor of analysis of genetics between parents and progenies, but isolation of phonological phase would prolong period of breeding to attain object hybrids ; （4） the average value of fruits/sack was significantly different among different mother trees according to variance analysis, and the order of value is W3102＇ s 〉 W3507＇ s 〉 W3604＇ s 〉 W3401 ＇ s 〉 W3708＇ s 〉 W3206＇ s 〉 W3103 ＇ s 〉 W3105 ＇ s. The impact of mothers for value of fruits/sack was much higher than pollens＇ , so it is very important to select mother trees in breeding.