1Tymianski M, Tator CH. Normal and abnormal calcium homeostasis in neurons:a basis for the pathophysiology of traumatic and ischemic central nervous system injury[J]. Neurosurg, 1996,38:1176.
2Drolet G, Eric CD, Isabelle G, et al. Role of endogenous opioid system in the regulation of the stress response[J]. Prog Neuropsychopharmaco Biol Psychiatry,2001,25(4) :729.
3Prezwlocki R, Parsons K1, Sweeney DD, et al. Opioid enhancement of calcium oscillalions and burst events involving NMDA receptors and L-type calcium channels in cultured hippocampal neurons[J]. J Neurosci,1999,19: 9705.
4Yang JC, Shan J, Ng KF, et al. Morphine and methadone have different effect on calcium channel currents in neuroblastoma cells[J]. Brain Res, 2000,870:199.
5Shibata S, Tominaga K, Watanabe S. Kappa-Opioid receptor agonist protects against ischemic reduction of 2-deoxyglucose uptake in morphine tolerant rats[J]. Eur J Pharmacol, 1995,279:197.
6Mao J, Sung B,Ji RR, et al. Ncuronal apoptosis associated with morphine tolerance: evidence for an opioid induced neurotoxic mechanism[J]. J Neurosci, 2002, 22(17) :7650.
7Boronat MA, Garcia-Fuster MJ, Garcia Sevilla JA, et al. Chronic morphine induces up-regulation of the proapoptotic Fas receptor and down-regulation of the anti apoptotic Bcl-2oncoprotein in rat brain [J]. Br J Pharmacol, 2001,134(6): 1263.
9Liao SL,Chen WY,Raung SL,et al. Neuroprotection of naloxone against ischemic injury in rats: role of mu-receptor antagonism[J]. Neurosci Lett, 2003,345 (3): 69.
1Longa EZ, Weinstein PR, Carlson S, et al. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectony in rats[J]. Stroke, 1989, 20(1):84.
2Armstrong RC, Aja TJ, Hoang KD, et al. Activation of the CED3/ICE related protease CPP32 in cerebellar granule neurons undergoing apoptosis but not necrosis[J] . Neurosci, 1997, 17(2):553-562.
3Chen J, Nagayama T, Jin K, et al. Induction of caspase-3-1ike protease may mediate delayed neuronal death in the hippocampus after transient cerebral ischemia[J].Neurosci, 1998, 18(13): 4914-4928.
4Sasaki C, Kitagawa H, Zhang WR, et al. Temporal profile of cytochrome c and caspase-3 immunoreactivities and TUNEL staining after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats[J]. Neurol Res, 2000, 22(2): 223 -228.
5Cheng Y, Deshmukh M, D' Costa A, et al. Caspase inhibitor affords neuroprotection with delayed administration in a rat model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemic brain injury[J].Clin Invest, 1998, 101 (9): 1992 -1999.
6Himi T, Ishizaki Y, Murota S. A caspase inhibitor blocks ischaemia-indueed delayed neuronal death in the gerbil[J].Eur J Neurosci, 1998, 10(2): 777 -781.
7Ma J, Endres M, Moskowitz MA. Synergistic effects of caspase inhibitors and MK-801 in brain injury after transient focal cerebral ischaemia in mice[J]. Br J Pharmacol,1998, 124(4): 756 -762.