反相乳液聚合法制备PDA及其性能

Preparation of P(DMDAAC-AM) by Inverse Emulsion Polymerization and its Performance

用水溶性的氧化还原引发剂引发,通过反相乳液聚合制备了二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)-丙烯酰胺(AM)共聚物(PDA),聚合反应中水/油体积比为1.0/1.2,单体质量分数w=0.33,阳离子单体DMDAAC与AM的摩尔比为1/9。研究了温度和引发剂浓度对聚合动力学的影响,结果表明聚合温度40℃、mI(引发剂)/mM(单体)=0.5/100.0是最佳反应条件。探讨了PDA在不同浓度KBr溶液和不同种类小分子电解质溶液中的粘度特性,随小分子电解质浓度的增大和小分子电解质阴离子半径的增加,比浓粘度和特性粘数减小。当PDA与明矾复配用于絮凝时,明矾的最佳投料量为25 mg/L、PDA投料量为4.16 mg/L,且该体系的pH适用范围较广。

P（DMDAAC-AM） （PDA） was prepared from dimethyldiallyammonium chloride（DMDAAC） and acrylamide （AM） by inverse emulsion polymerization with water-soluble redox initiator. The process parameters were given as volume ratio of water and oil = 1/1.2, monomer concentration = 0. 33, and mole ratio nDMDAAC / nAM = 1/9, respectively. The effects of reaction temperature and the concertration of the initiator on the kinetics of the polymerization were also studied. The results show that good PDA can be prepared at 40℃ with 0.5 part initiator per hundred parts of monomer. The viscosity characteristics of PDA in KBr solutions of different concentrations and in solutions of different electrolytes were investigated. As the salt concentration increases, or the radius of the salt anionic ion increases, the reduced viscosity and the intrinsic viscosity decreases. While PDA is mixed with alum as flocculating agent,the optimum dosages for alum and PDA are 25 mg/L and 4.16 mg/L, respectively. The flocculating agent consisting of PDA and alum can be used to treat water with a broad range of pH.