永磁同步电机在铁道牵引领域中的应用

Application of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor to Driving Railway Vehicle

尽管牵引变流器控制的三相异步电机的交流传动系统已经广泛地应用于铁道牵引领域，但近年来，由于永磁材料的迅速发展，使永磁同步电机在铁道牵引领域竞争力明显上升，具有良好的应用前景。本文从铁道牵引的观点出发，对永磁同步电机和异步牵引电机进行了技术比较，介绍了国内外有关研发直接驱动式和全封闭式永磁电动机的概况，分析了永磁同步电机在铁路牵引应用中的发展前景及面临的主要问题。

Though the inverter controlled induction motor traction system has been widely used in the railway traction, ~w.ently, it＇ s the availability of high- performance rare- earth permanent magnets of the samarium - cobalt or neodymium - iron - bore types that makes the permanent magnet synchronous motor noteworthy in the railway traction. PMSM has the performance required for traction motor and is more compact, lightweight, and efficient than induction motor. This paper will explainthe structure and features of the PMSM and compare it with the induction motor.Furthermore the paper will also describe the research and development abroad on the use of PMSM as a direct drive traction motor and a totally - enclosed motor and will clarify its potential and problems faced in the application of railway traction in the future.