联苯胺类化合物对锦鲤肝脏转氨酶影响的初探

Effects of Benzidine Congeners on Two Aminopherases in Goldfish Liver

转氨酶是反映肝脏细胞损伤的一类敏感性指标,谷丙转氨酶(GPT)和谷草转氨酶(GOT)是广泛存在于动物线粒体中的重要的氨基转氨酶,活力最强,选取这2种转氨酶来研究致癌物联苯胺类化合物4-氨基联苯(浓度为6.00、3.00、2.00、1.20、0.60、0.24mg·L-1)和3,3-二甲基联苯胺(浓度为9.00、4.50、3.00、1.80、0.90mg·L-1)对锦鲤肝脏暴露3、7、14d的损伤。结果表明,锦鲤暴露于联苯胺类化合物溶液中,其肝脏中GPT和GOT的活性受诱导,并且在不同的暴露周期,GPT和GOT的活力与化合物暴露浓度有不同程度的正相关关系,但有时也会出现个别暴露周期和个别浓度下瞬时的抑制现象。GPT对联苯胺比GOT敏感。4-氨基联苯(尤其是高浓度6.00、3.00mg·L-1)暴露3d就对GPT和GOT的活性有显著的诱导作用,而3,3-二甲基联苯胺(高浓度9.00、4.50mg·L-1)暴露14d后诱导作用明显。联苯胺类化合物对转氨酶活性影响机制的复杂性说明,其诱导程度不仅与暴露污染物的脂溶性有关,而且与暴露周期以及转氨酶种类有密切关系。

Aminopherases are a kind of sensitive indicators reflecting whether liver cells are damaged. Glutamic pyruvic transaminase （GPT） and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase （GOT） are important aminopherases widely existing in mitochondria. In this study, GPT and GOT were selected as indicators for the investigation of effects of benzidine congeners on goldfish （Carassius） liver. The results showed that the activities of GPT and GOT increased with the concentration increasing of 4-aminobiphenyl （0.24, 0.60, 1.20, 2.00, 3.00, 6.00 mg·L^-1）and 3, 3-dimethyl benzidine（0.90, 1.80, 3.00, 4.50, 9.00 mg·L^-1）, but sometimes, the activities of GPT and GOT were inhibited slightly. GPT showed more sensitive to the tested chemical compared with GOT. The activities of GPT and GOT greatly increased after 3 days exposure under high concentrations of 4-aminobiphenyl （6.00, 3.00 mg·L^-1） and after 14 days under high exposure concentrations of 3, 3-dimethyl benzidine solutions （9.00, 4.50 mg·L^-1）. In brief, the activities of GPT and GOT greatly related to the hydrophobic nature of benzidine congeners, exposure duration and kinds of aminopherases.