安徽铜陵矿区优势植物的重金属富集特性研究

Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Dominant Plants Growing on Mineral Areas in Anhui Tongling

调查了安徽省铜陵宝山矿区自然植被,记录了11种植物,优势度较高种分别为鸭跖草、酸模、空心泡,并分析了以上3种优势植物和相关土壤中重金属Zn、Mn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Fe、Cu的含量,研究了优势植物体的重金属富集特性。结果表明,3种植物对重金属的吸收有较大差异,鸭跖草是Cu的超富集植物,空心泡和酸模属于Cu耐性植物。Pb在鸭跖草中含量较高,而酸模的地上/根比高达17.2,说明两者对Pb有富集能力。而空心泡中重金属含量较低,另鸭跖草对Zn、Cr,空心泡对Mn及3种优势植物对Cd都有富集趋势,但不是Fe的累集植物。

A survey was conducted in order to investigate the natural plant resources in Baoshan Mineral Area. 11 species were found growing on the soil heap, including 3 dominant species： Cpmmelina communis ,Rosacfolius smith and Rumex acetosa. The concentrations of selected heavy metals Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu in dominant plants and soil in Baoshan Mineral Area were analyzed. In addition, characters of accumulation for the heavy metals in the dominant plants from soils were evaluated. It has been found that the concentrations of heavy metals in the plants were quite different. Cpmmelina communis is hyper-accumulation of Cu, because the concentrations of Cu in shoot and root of this species were higher and the ratio is higher than 1 and accumulation coefficient of heave mentals in Cpmmelina communis is higher than 1. The accumulation coefficient of Pb in Cpmmelina communis is higher and the ratio in Rumex acetosa is 17.2, showing that Cpmmelina communis and Rumex acetosa can accumulate Pb. In addition, Cpmmelina communis towards Zn, Cr, Rosacfolius smith towards Mn exhibited more or less accumulation, but they were not capable of accumulation of Fe.