张掖市水环境演化对黑河下游绿洲生态的影响与对策

The Influene of the Water Environment Succession on the Oasis Eco-environment of the Lower Reaches of Heihe River and the Countermeasures

绿洲是干旱区特有的地理景观,有水成绿洲,无水变荒漠。黑河下游的额济纳绿洲极度干旱,黑河是其唯一的水源。然而由于中游张掖市人口的迅速增长和工农业大规模发展,加上对水资源的不合理开发利用,导致正义峡径流量日益减少,额济纳绿洲的生态环境急剧恶化。本文着重论述了黑河中游张掖市水环境的现状及其对下游额济纳绿洲生态的影响,并提出了相应的对策。

Oasis is a peculiar geographical view in arid district,if there is water, there becomes oasis; if there is no water ,there turns into desert. Egina Oasis in the low reaches of Heihe River is extremely arid, Heihe River is the only source of water. The rapid growth of the population and the large scale development of industry and agriculture in Zhangye in the middle reaches of Heihe River ,and the unreasonable development and utility to the water resource are causing the surface flow of zhengyi valley to reduce day by day, and the ecological environment of Egina Oasis becomes worsen sharply. This text discusses the current water environment of Zhangye in the middle reaches of Heihe River and the ecological influence to the Egina oasis in low reaches emphatically, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures.