深海油田的开发——当前国际应用及发展趋势

Deepwater Oilfield Development——Current International Practice and Trend

本文概述了现有的采油平台设计先进技术对深海油田开发和对未来发展趋势的影响。现在正在进行和最近刚刚安装的深海项目有十几个,其中一些项目正在创立新的记录,成为这个行业新的“第一”,这包括用辅助船体协助“干井”式平台的钻井,新的安装方法,加速的施工方法,和上张力采油管道直接由采油平台支撑。本文将对其中一些项目作较为详尽介绍。此外,作者还阐述了个人对深海发展面临的技术挑战的看法。这些挑战包括水深的限制,安装方法,采油管道的支撑,以及采油操作方面的问题。同时亦将概述一些能使深海采油延伸到这些新领域的先进技术。

This paper will provide an update on the state of technology for deepwater oilfield development and future trends. There are more than a dozen of current deepwater projects that are ongoing or have recently been installed. Several of these projects are setting new deepwater water depth records, and are providing new industry“firsts”, such as the use of tender assisted drilling from a floater, novel installation methods, accelerated fabrication, and directly supporting top tensioned risers from the deck on TLP. Some of these recent projects will be highlighted. The author＇s view of technical challenges facing deepwater will be discussed. This will cover water depth limitations, installation methods, risers, and operational issues. An overview of technologies that will enable deepwater projects to be extended into these new frontiers will be presented.