户籍制度改革——我国二元户籍制度的形成、弊端及其改革原则

Reform of Household Registration System——The Formation, Disadvantages and Reform Principles of the Present Dual-system of Household Registration

户籍管理与限制人口迁移政策相联系,与粮油制度相挂钩,与福利制度相结合构成了我国独特的二元户籍制度。其主要弊端表现为:现行户籍制度体现出世袭身份等级的特征;造成城乡居民选举权的不平等;城乡居民就业权的不平等;限制人口合理流动等。在市场经济体制下的今天,其改革原则应以推动人口合理流动和以人为本为改革原则。

Our present dual-system of household registration is characterized by binding it with the policy of limiting population immigration, with the system of supplying food; and with the “well-being system”. The main disadvantages of it include： the present dual-system of household registration embodies a hereditary ranking of the people; it creates inequality of the residents in urban and rural areas; it causes inequality of the residents in obtaining jobs and it restricts the reasonable flowage of the population. Under the background of today＇s marketing economic system, the reform should be helpful to promoting the reasonable flowage of the population and carrying out the “people-oriented” principle.