日本的法官回避制度研究

A Study on Judicial Challenge System of Japan

设置回避制度,是为了确保当事人对裁判的信任,保障法官公正无偏地作出裁判。日本民事诉讼法规定的回避制度,是参照大陆法系的德国法制定的。法官回避的原因包括两类,一是法定的回避原因,二是法定之外的回避原因。除了回避原因外,有关法律还对回避的申请方式、回避的裁判机关及不服申请等作出了规定。

To set up challenge system is to ensure the litigant's trust in the judge,and the judge's impartial judgment as well.The challenge system stipulated in the Civil Procedural Law of Japan is formulated in reference to the German Law of Continental Law System.There are two reasons for challenge;one is statutory,while the other is not.Apart from the reasons,some related laws also provide the means of application,the authorities of judgment,the application against and so on.