医疗废物在热分析仪中的燃烧特性研究

Study on Characteristic of Combustion in Medical Waste with Thermal Analyzers

为开发适合我国城市医疗垃圾集中处置的医疗废物焚烧技术,对昆明市医疗废物进行了特性分析,并模化医疗废物,对纸屑、塑料、棉纱、橡胶、组织等试样进行了实验研究。在热重分析仪上通以流量为50 mL/min的空气,以10℃/min的升温速率从室温连续升至1 000℃,记录了试样的TG曲线、DTG曲线与DTA曲线。分析研究表明,模化医疗废物的燃烧过程可以分为4个阶段,即脱水干燥、挥发分析出和燃烧、过渡段和焦碳表面燃烧并存的过渡阶段、焦碳的表面燃烧。此外通过对热重(TG)、差示扫描量热(DSC)曲线的深入分析,对模化医疗废物有关燃烧动力学参数进行了研究,为彻底实现城市医疗废物无害化提供理论与技术的支持。

Hospital medical waste endanger environment with the various virus, bacteria and chemicals contained, and has been included into National List of Dangerous Waste in 1998. Experiments were carried out by increasing the temperature from 23 ℃ to 1 000 ℃ with a heating rate of 10 ℃/min and at atmosphere pressure. Based on simultaneous thermal analysis, the combustion process of model medical waste （MMW） can be broadly separated into four stages： dehumidification, devolatilization and combustion of volatile matter, co-combustion of volatile matter and char, combustion of char. The results indicat that MMW has some better combustion characteristics. The combustion kinetic parameters of MMW combustion process were tested. It＇s suggested that the kinetic analysis in combustion of MMW could be handled with the first order reaction.