大肠杆菌表达系统的研究进展

Research Progress on E.coli Expression System

近年来利用基因调控、融合表达、共表达以及代谢工程、定向进化等策略对大肠杆菌系统的载体和宿主进行了合理的改进,使目的基因的表达水平以及产物蛋白的活性大大提高,尤其是对长期以来有关真核基因在原核细胞中表达所存在的糖基化、二硫键形成等翻译后加工问题的研究取得了突破,使得大肠杆菌表达系统在研究和生产中的应用范围得到进一步拓宽。文章从表达载体和宿主细胞两个方面对大肠杆菌表达系统的研究进展进行了综述。

Escherichia coli expression system has been used so widely that it contributes much to the development of molecular biology and in turn it has been improved with the emerging of novel theory and technology. Over these years, various strategies including gene regulation, fuse expression, metabolic engineering and directional evolution have been utilized in E. coli expression system to increase the level of gene expression and the activity of a recombinant protein. And the another thing which is worth concern is the breakthrough on the problem of posttranslational processing of eukaryotie gene in E. coli such as glycosylation and disulfide bond formation. Undoubtedly, these advances will further enlarge the application areas of E. coli expression system in both the research and the industrial production. This review is mainly focused on the modification of expression vectors and host cells of E. coli expression system both from the aspects of expression vectors and host cells.